CEU Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2025
| Author | Stelzmüller, Lena |
|---|---|
| Title | Responding To Hybrid Terrorist Organizations: The European Union's Approach to Hezbollah |
| Summary | Recently, there has been a growing trend toward hybridization in terrorism. This trend is evident in the actors involved and their scope of action, which makes terrorism highly complicated and often not fully addressed by counterterrorism efforts. This thesis examines the case of the European Union's approach to Hezbollah, a hybrid terrorist organization, and attempts to address the gap regarding how the European Union (EU) approaches such actors and whether it considers their complexity. Using the framework of a hybrid terrorist organization, the thesis applies qualitative content analysis to examine the EU's approach to Hezbollah from 2020 to 2024. This is accomplished by analyzing 112 documents from the EUR-Lex register. The thesis concludes that the European Union does not adequately address the complexity and multidimensionality of Hezbollah in documents from 2020 to 2024. Without fully integrating all three different wings the group operates in, the EU fails to address Hezbollah fully in its hybrid structure and actions, which threatens to render its countermeasures ineffective. |
| Supervisor | Bogaards, Matthijs |
| Department | International Relations MA |
| Full text | https://www.etd.ceu.edu/2025/stelzmueller_lena.pdf |
Visit the CEU Library.
© 2007-2021, Central European University